Aug - Oct 2024 HK$38| 為傳統 產業開 拓新市 場 工業區 塊鏈：
06 Accelerating the Development of San Tin: for the Greater Good 求同存異為大局 新田發展不宜遲 No Time to Wait: Charting the Recycling Path Ahead 垃圾徵費暫緩有理 推動回收時不我待 Global Technology Can Only Thrive Through Fair Competition 破貿易壁壘促良性競爭 全球科技發展共贏共生 Embracing the AI Era in Business A I 時代來臨 企業營商須擁抱大趨勢 Attracting Venture Capital to Hong Kong to Enhance the I&T Ecosystem 激勵創投資金來港 完善創科生態圈 CONTENTS 2024 August 八月 – October 十月 LEADERSHIP VIEWS我觀我見 18 FOCUS STORY專題故事 30 33 Staying Ahead of the Curve: Moving with the Pulse of Innovation in the Logistics Sector 迎風而上：利用創新科技 抓緊物流新機遇 Small Leap in Progress: Next-generation Nanocrystalline Smart Wireless EV Charger 進步中的小飛躍：下一代納米晶智慧無線電動汽車 充電裝置 INDUSTRY RADAR工商動態 33 18 Blockchain in Industry: Unlocking New Opportunities for Conventional Sectors 工業區塊鏈： 為傳統產業開拓新市場 8-10/2024 | 3
58 69 71 Activity Review (May to July 2024) 活動回顧(2024年5月至 7月） Upcoming Events 工總活動 New Members 新會員 36 40 44 46 FHKI 46 36 CONTENTS 2024 August 八月 – October 十月 主席 常務副主席 副主席 總裁 編輯委員 設計 廣告 合作查詢 印刷商 The Hong Kong Industrialist is published by the Federation of Hong Kong Industries (FHKI). Opinions expressed are those of the individual authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of FHKI. Articles published may be reproduced but with proper acknowledgement to the Hong Kong Industrialist. 《香港工業家》由香港工業總會出版，內容乃個別作者意見，並不一定反映本會立場。歡迎轉載或摘引本刊文章，但請註明出處。 Steve Chuang Anthony Lam, Hon Sunny Tan, Ricky Chan, Clara Chan Jude Chow, Karen Chan, Gary Lau, Peter Shum, Wallace Wong, Jackie Ng Bonnie Chan Henry Chan, Chan Ching Wah, Carman Yuen, Kit Yeung, Wesley Mui, Andre Chu, Kahlen Cheng, Issac Chan, David Lee Pinpoint Advertising Limited (852) 2732 3188 ad@fhki.org.hk prcd@fhki.org.hk Tung Mei Design & Printing Ltd (852) 2889 6844 Room 2315, 23/F, Hong Man Industrial Centre, 2 Hong Man Street, Chai Wan, Hong Kong Chairman Executive Deputy Chairmen Deputy Chairmen Director-General Editorial Board Graphic Design Advertising Editorial Enquiry Printer 31/F, Billion Plaza, 8 Cheung Yue Street, Cheung Sha Wan, Kowloon, Hong Kong 香港九龍長沙灣長裕街 8 號 億京廣場31樓 (852) 2732 3188 (852) 2721 3494 fhki@fhki.org.hk www.industryhk.org 莊子雄 林世豪、陳祖恒議員、 陳偉聰、陳婉珊 周治平、陳嘉賢、劉燊濤、 岑健偉、王博文、吳慧君 陳心愉 陳永恆、陳清華、袁嘉敏、 楊文傑、梅家豪、朱家俊、 鄭麗明、陳明睿、李柏軒 天邦廣告設計有限公司 (852) 2732 3188 ad@fhki.org.hk prcd@fhki.org.hk 東美設計印刷有限公司 (852) 2889 6844 香港柴灣康民街2號 康民工業中心23樓15室 49 52 55 Continuing to Lead and Amplify Hong Kong’s New Industrialisation FHKI Celebrates its 64th Annual General Meeting and Luncheon 繼續引領及壯大香港新型工業化發展 工總舉辦第 64 屆周年大會及午宴 Solid Foundation Laid for Future Cooperation FHKI Delighted with Promising Results from the ASEAN Delegation Visit 特區代表團訪東盟三國成果豐碩 為港商拓展業務奠定堅實基礎 工總極感鼓舞 Beyond Bamboo: Reimagining a Plastic-Free Future FHKI and HSUHK Hosted Bamboo and Sustainability Forum 攜手推動「以竹代塑」 建築綠色未來 工總及香港恒生大學合辦「竹子與可持續發展交流會」 Achieving Sustainable Business Development with an International Perspective A Full Harvest in “Overseas Training to Germany on Advanced and Green Technology in Environmental Industry” 配備國際視野 助企業達致可持續發展 「德國考察團—先進綠色科技海外培訓」收穫滿載 “Be Flexible for a Brighter Future” Launching Ceremony of FHKI Industry Cares Recognition Scheme 2024 「靈活應變 共創明天」 工總「工業獻愛心」 表揚計劃2024啟動典禮 A New Era for Intellectual Property Taxation in Hong Kong 香港知識產權稅務新時代 Exploring the Proposed New Company Re-domiciliation Regime in Hong Kong 探討香港擬議的公司遷冊制度 4 | 8-10/2024
STEVE CHUANG 莊子雄 Accelerating the Development of San Tin: for the Greater Good 求同存異為大局 新田發展不宜遲 In July, Town Planning Board (TPB) approved the statutory plans for the San Tin Technopole following extensive discussions. Three outline Zoning Plans (OZP) were endorsed by its diverse membership, adhering to the overarching interests of Hong Kong. To refine the planning and design of the Technopole, various suggestions from stakeholders will be integrated into the Planning and Design Brief (PDB), which will subsequently be submitted to the TPB for final approval. We sincerely thank the officials from the Development Bureau; Innovation, Technology and Industry Bureau, and Environment and Ecology Bureau for their collaborative efforts in drafting a plan that excellently balances innovation and technology (I&T) development, environmental conservation, and rural preservation. It is gratifying that the TPB endorsed the plan after thoroughly considering inputs from various stakeholders, demonstrating successful community engagement to bridge differences. This pragmatic and flexible approach has crafted the optimal outcome for our city’s industrial development. The Unique Value of San Tin Diversifying industries is crucial for boosting Hong Kong’s development momentum. Beyond bolstering traditional sectors, I&T will serve as a new economic driver for Hong Kong’s future. Geographically linked to Shenzhen via two ports, Huanggang and Futian, and close to Lok Ma Chau Loop, San Tin can seamlessly integrate with the Hong Kong-Shenzhen Innovation and Technology Park, Shenzhen city, and the robust supply chain of the Greater Bay Area. This offers unparalleled advantages in terms of people, logistics, capital, and information flow. Hong Kong has consistently battled a land shortage for I&T development. According to the “Hong Kong 2030+” strategy released by the Planning Department in 2021, the demand for I&T land has surged by 85% over five years, from about 183 hectares in 2016 to 340 hectares. The San Tin Technopole, Hong Kong’s most ambitious I&T project yet, is set to accommodate approximately 7 million square metres of total floor area, equivalent to 17 Hong Kong Science Parks. This plan critically addresses the fundamental land needs of Hong Kong’s I&T sector, and as the cornerstone 城市規劃委員會（城規會）於今年7月通過有關 新田科技城的法定圖則，來自各界的城規會委員 經過連日來詳細討論，從香港整體利益出發，最 終通過三張分區計劃大綱圖，並同意採納不同 持份者的申述意見，以及將這些建議納入日後由 城規會審批的「規劃及設計大綱」，要求創科用 地的項目倡議人進行發展時須符合相關要求，以 完善科技城的規劃和設計。筆者感謝發展局、創 科及工業局、環境及生態局各部門的官員通力 合作，草擬成在創科工業發展、環境保育與鄉郊 保育之間取得極佳平衡的規劃大綱圖，並欣見 城規會在考慮社會各界的意見後通過，展示香港 社會各界的良性互動，以務實、靈活的態度解決 分歧，為香港的產業發展達至最佳方案。 新田得天獨厚難以替代 產業多元化是增強香港發展動能的必要條件，除 了鞏固傳統的優勢產業，創科也是香港未來經濟 新引擎。新田區內有皇崗、福田兩個口岸，與深 圳緊密連繫，而且鄰近落馬洲河套區，新田科技 城能夠與港深創科園、深圳以至供應鏈完善的 大灣區緊密接合，不論在人流、物流、資金流和 資訊流都擁有獨一無二的優勢。 事實上，香港的創科用地一直供不應求。根據規 劃署 2021年發布的《香港2030+》規劃願景與 策略，香港對創科用地需求由2016年約183公 頃，在5年間增長了85%，達到340公頃。新田科 技城則是香港歷以最大規模的創科發展規劃， 提供約300公頃土地，可容納約700萬平方米的 總樓面面積，規模相當於17個香港科學園。在此 前提下，新田科技城規劃可謂適得其時，為本港 LEADERSHIP VIEWS | 我觀我見 CHAIRMAN 主席 6 | 8-10/2024
創科業解決基本土地需求。長遠而言，社會必須 尋覓更多土地繼續推動創科發展。新田科技城 作為香港創科的基石，非但不能中斷，更應全速 推行。 妥善解決分歧 尋找平衡之道 新田鄰近國際知名的拉姆薩爾濕地，整個新田科 技城佔地1,004公頃，有逾240公頃的建議發展範 圍是位於濕地保育區和濕地緩衝區，當中逾6成、 即超過144公頃是棕地和已填平的魚塘，並且包 括邊境管制站等已發展用地，至於餘下近4成、即 約90公頃中，近半是已荒廢或沒有養殖活動的魚 塘。有保育人士擔憂發展這90公頃土地將損害候 鳥覓食地點，在8月初就新田科技城環評報告提 出司法覆核，指就政府去年擴大科技城發展範圍 後，環保署沒要求土木工程拓展署重新申請研究 概要及再諮詢公眾，違反環評條例及程序公義。 保育人士透過司法覆核表達意見並非首次，他們 與工商界同是香港的持份者，而發展和保育之間 也絕非不能共存。6月底，工總參與了城規會就新 田科技城法定圖則舉辦的一場聆聽會議，就觀察 所見，大部分申述人均支持在新田科技城發展創 科。本港產業朝多元化發展，關係到整體社會利 益，相信保育人士亦不想見到本港經濟只能仗賴 金融、地產，筆者期望社會各界能求同存異，為 大局著想，早日達成共識，爭取新田科技城早日 動工。 與此同時，由於司法覆核訴訟耗費時間，為免新 田科技城進度落後於香港創科發展所需，政府宜 繼續推展相關工作。城規會在7月中已通過新田 科技城的法定圖則，現時新田科技城規劃中，存 有爭議的90公頃，只佔整體規劃約8%，建議政府 可以分批分期執行方式，儘快向立法會申請撥款 發展佔大部分無爭議地段，期間同步處理涉及爭 議土地的未來發展方式，以便新田科技城全面上 馬。同時，政府應提前制定後備發展方案，及研究 徵用發展區周邊土地的可行性，即使政府方在司 法覆核敗訴，亦要把影響降至最低。 香港正值產業再一次轉型的關鍵時刻，需要充足 的土地以承載創科和新型工業化的發展。科技發 展必須爭分奪秒，新田科技城的規劃已進入最後 一哩路，實在不容有失，期望社會各界能以本港 的最佳利益出發，在不影響新田科技城發展進度 的前題下，完善科技城的規劃和設計，為香港的 未來創造更多機遇。 of Hong Kong’s innovation landscape, the development of San Tin Technopole is imperative and must proceed without delay. Seeking Common Ground While Accommodating Differences Situated near a Ramsar site, San Tin spans an area of 1,004 hectares. Over 240 hectares of the proposed development area fall within the Wetland Conservation Area and Wetland Buffer Area. More than 60%, or over 144 hectares, consists of brownfields and filled fishponds, including developed areas such as boundary control points. Approximately half of the 90 hectares remaining area consists of fishponds that are either abandoned or no longer used for aquaculture. In early August, conservationists applied for a judicial review of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report for the San Tin Technopole, voicing concerns that developing these 90 hectares could harm the feeding grounds of migratory birds. They argued that the Environmental Protection Department breached EIA regulations and principles of procedural justice by not requiring the Civil Engineering and Development Department to reapply for the study brief and re-consult the public after last year’s expansion of the development area. It is not the first time that conservationists have voiced their concerns through judicial review. Both conservationists and the business community are key stakeholders in Hong Kong, and development and conservation are not mutually exclusive. At the end of June, the Federation of Hong Kong Industries participated in a TPB hearing about the San Tin Technopole’s statutory plans. It was evident that most attendees supported the I&T development at San Tin. The diversification of industries is vital for Hong Kong's overall interests. We believe that conservationists, too, support an economy diversified beyond finance and real estate to ensure a more balanced development. We hope that society can find common ground and reach a consensus while accommodating differences, consider the broader picture, and commence the San Tin Technopole project as soon as possible. Meanwhile, given the time-consuming nature of judicial reviews, the Government should continue to advance related work to prevent the San Tin Technopole from falling behind the evolving needs of Hong Kong's I&T development. In the TPBapproved statutory plans of mid-July, the contentious 90 hectares account for only about 8% of the total plan. It is advisable for the Government to adopt a phased implementation approach, expedite applications for funding from the Legislative Council for development of undisputed areas, and simultaneously address future strategies for the disputed land to ensure the comprehensive launch of San Tin Technopole. Additionally, to minimise the impact in case of a loss in the judicial review, the Government should proactively formulate contingency development plans and explore the feasibility of acquiring land surrounding the development area. Hong Kong is currently at a critical point in its industrial transformation, which necessitates ample land to support the development of both I&T and new industries. The planning of the San Tin Technopole is in its final stages, and it is crucial for society to prioritise Hong Kong's best interests. This entails refining the planning and design of the Technopole to ensure its development proceeds smoothly, paving the way for a brighter future in Hong Kong. 8-10/2024 | 7
JUDE CHOW 周治平 ANTHONY LAM 林世豪 LEADERSHIP VIEWS | 我觀我見 早前政府宣布暫緩實施垃圾收費，並會在未來一 年積極推動減廢和分類回收，以期建構更健康的 回收生態。誠然，本港的回收設施配套尚未完 善，將固體廢物分類處理的意識仍待培養，而政 府透過「先行先試」計劃亦發現不少政策落地時 會遇到的困難及痛點。在不同環節有待加強下， 政府暫緩實施垃圾徵費務實有理，惟這場「預演」 讓社會大眾對分類回收有更具體的概念，政府宜 趁機加強宣傳，徵費雖緩，分類回收設施卻應照 做，為日後正式推行計劃鋪平道路。 本地回收可期 發放正面訊息 受益於垃圾徵費及一系列環保政策，社會對回 收減廢的討論和關注愈趨熱熾，不少市民已 經開始將廢棄物分類並學習回收廚餘。政府 數據顯示，今年5月的廚餘回收量達到約270 公噸，比去年增加約6成，反映市民並非視回 收為洪水猛獸，而只是因為配套未到位而有所 保留。 垃圾收費可謂是推動回收減廢的火車頭，政府 既然決定暫緩實施政策，更要趁着回收熱潮仍 未減退，快馬加鞭推廣回收文化，發放正面訊 息，免得公眾以為隨著徵費無功而還，廢物分 類回收要走回頭路；對因應垃圾徵費而投入資 金的回收業界何去何從，亦要給予明確的政策 導向。相信政府在先行先試計劃及激烈的社會 討論中已明白，回收文化薄弱的根源在於回收 產業發展緩慢，業界一直缺乏政府的支援，同 The Government has recently decided to defer the implementation of municipal solid waste charging (MSW charging), committing instead to boost waste reduction, separation, and recycling over the coming year. This measure aims to foster a more robust recycling ecosystem. While our local recycling facilities remain underdeveloped and public awareness about waste separation is still growing, the decision to delay the MSW charging, informed by challenges observed during the Demonstration Scheme, appears practical. Despite this, the delay offers an invaluable preview of recycling processes, allowing the Government an ideal opportunity to lay the groundwork for a comprehensive recycling network, poised for the eventual introduction of MSW charging. Delivering Positive Messages to Engage Stakeholders The introduction of MSW charging, alongside various environmental policies, has ignited a growing awareness and engagement in recycling activities among Hongkongers. Notably the Government reports show that the average daily recycling of food waste reached approximately 270 tonnes in May – an impressive increase of about 60% compared to last year. This indicates a shift in perception, suggesting that the public does not view recycling as a burden but rather as a response to previously inadequate policies. Despite the deferral of MSW charging, it is crucial for the Government to intensify its promotion of recycling practices. This proactive approach will not only maintain the momentum but also provide clear policy directions for the recycling industry, which has already invested significantly in response to the anticipated MSW charging. The current fragmentation in the recycling culture, compounded by insufficient government support and low recycling rates, highlights the urgent need for a welldefined strategy. The Government must actively work to develop a clear recycling pathway, strengthen the market for collecting and processing recyclables, give No Time to Wait: Charting the Recycling Path Ahead 垃圾徵費暫緩有理 推動回收時不我待 DEPUTY CHAIRMAN 副主席 EXECUTIVE DEPUTY CHAIRMAN 常務副主席 8 | 8-10/2024
priority to locally recycled in public procurement, and facilitate regional cooperation for materials that cannot be processed locally, thereby fostering a more supportive business environment for the recycling sector. Crafting a Supportive Policy Framework FHKI welcomes the Waste Reduction and Recycling Charter (Charter) launched by the Environment Protection Department (EPD). This initiative aims to encourage residents of private residential premises to adopt waste separation habits by distributing free designated bags to property management companies, owners’ corporations, or residents’ organisations. Although the Charter might not be as effective as the MSW charging, it could significantly enhance public engagement and awareness of recycling practices. Waste reduction and recycling represent a long-term challenge that involves multiple stakeholders, including the Government, industry, and the public. Comprehensive strategies are essential to educate the public on clean recycling practices, improve waste separation and collection capabilities, and support the marketability of recycled products. Recycling intersects with various disciplines such as science, policy, economics, and ethics. We recommended that the Education Bureau encourage interdisciplinary studies on the circular economy at primary and secondary school levels. Moreover, the EPD should consider extending the Charter to commercial and industrial buildings to ensure more efficient recyclable collection. Regarding food waste management, as the Government establishes additional collection points, we foresee a continued rise in recycling rates. It is critical for the Government to strengthen cooperation between the EPD and other departments to optimise food waste collection systems at key locations such as food factories, restaurants, and market, and to intensify education and outreach for stakeholders involved in these processes. Currently, our local capacity to process food waste stands at only 600 tonnes per day, which is inadequate compared to the 3,000 tonnes of food waste generated daily. There is an urgent need to expand these capabilities to meet the growing demands of food waste recycling. In recent years, the Government has actively pursuing the construction of incinerators to achieve its “Zero Landfill” target. Despite the projected commissioning of I•PARK1 in 2025, additional incineration facilities will be required. While advanced incineration technology can reduce emissions of air pollutants, developing sufficient waste management capacity will take years. If Hong Kong is to achieve “Zero Landfill” within the next decade, it must prioritise “reducing waste at source” and “recycling first, incinerating second”. This strategy not only encourages the public to practise effective waste separation but also prevents valuable recyclables from incineration, thus preserving the integrity of Hong Kong’s circular economy. 時面臨回收量不足的困境。政府必須主動出 擊，制訂回收產業政策；壯大市場力量，在本 地收集及處理回收物；調整公共採購政策，優 先採用以本地回收物料循環再生的產品；及為 未能在本地處理的回收物建立區域協作，為回 收業提供更有利的經營環境。 理順政策 構建回收生態 工總欣見環境保護署在擱置徵費後，隨即為私 人處所推出自願性質的《減廢回收約章》，以 派發垃圾袋吸引物業管理公司、業主立案法團 及居民組織參與，提高私人住宅居民的回收意 識及養成回收習慣。雖然回收成效肯定不及法 定徵費，但對提高分類回收的認受性卻有莫大 幫助。回收減廢是政府、業界及社會不同持份 者的一場持久戰，政府有需要就回收這個命題 制訂全盤策略，井然有序地落實清潔回收的教 育，增設分類回收設施以提升回收量，並支援 再生產品的出路，以構建完善的回收生態。產 品回收再造涉及科學、政策、經濟及倫理等範 疇，筆者建議教育局可以鼓勵中小學開展有關 循環經濟的跨學科研習，而環保署更可把《減 廢回收約章》計劃擴展到商業及工業大廈，務 求令市民及工商業界都可以方便把回收物送到 回收設施。 針對廚餘回收而言，隨着政府將於更多的地方 設置廚餘收集點，相信回收量會持續上升，筆 者建議政府強化環保署與其他政府部門的合 作，在食物工場、食肆及街市等重點場所優化 廚餘收集系統，同時加強對相關負責人的宣傳 及教育，進一步提高本地廚餘的回收量。此 外，現時本地產能每日只足夠處理約600公噸 的廚餘，相比起現時每日3,000公噸的棄置量 仍有一大段距離，政府應加緊提升廚餘處理 量，以便應付預期將不斷上升的廚餘回收量。 政府近年積極興建焚化爐以達致「零廢堆 填」，並表示除了預計將在2025年投入服務的 I•PARK1外，還需興建多一至兩個焚化爐， 才可停用堆填區。不論新型焚化爐排放的氣體 如何淨化，考慮到其興建從選址到落實歷時多 年，要在未來十年達至「零廢堆填」，必須秉 行「先回收，後焚化」及「源頭減廢」的原則， 讓社會繼續做好回收分類的工作，避免將仍有 回收價值的回收物焚燒，窒礙本地循環經濟的 發展。 8-10/2024 | 9
WALLACE WONG 王博文 GARY LAU 劉燊濤 HON SUNNY TAN 陳祖恒議員 Global Technology Can Only Thrive Through Fair Competition 破貿易壁壘促良性競爭 全球科技發展共贏共生 近月，歐盟及加拿大繼美國後雙雙公布對中國 電動車加徵關稅。正當全球貿易戰的硝煙再次 冒起，市場有流傳中國「產能過剩」之說為加 徵關稅說項，仿佛傳統經濟學的「比較優勢」 可以掉進歷史長河。事實上，外國政府對內地 電動車及相關產業頻頻加高貿易壁壘，正好反 映內地電動車品牌與歐美對手比較之下極具競 爭優勢。電動車、鋰電池及太陽能產品三種被 統稱為「新三樣」的產品，近年發展一日千里， 在2023年合計出口額更首次突破萬億大關， 按年上升三成至1.06萬億元人民幣，既是中國 暢銷全球的重要產品，同時亦是應對氣候問題 達至減排目標的傳統能源替代品，對人類福祉 裨益甚深。 中國展現比較優勢 作為高端化、智能化、綠色化的先進製造業代 表，內地在「新三樣」產品的生產上，可謂得天 獨厚，展現強勁的比較優勢。正如國務院總理 李強所言，中國市場規模大、產業網路大、勞 動力充足、應用場景豐富、消費者接受度高， 為中國的獨特優勢。同時，多年的改革開放， 為中國建設完整且集中的產業鏈，避免了國外 常見的斷鏈風險，加強中國「新三樣」產業的 核心競爭力。例如長三角地區已發展成新能源 汽車「四小時產業圈」，覆蓋了動力電池、車載 芯片、自動駕駛系統等智能汽車零部件的全條 生態鏈。 無可否認，中國確有推行積極而進取產業政 策，但說成是「國家補貼」又是否合理？鼓勵 Recently, both the EU and Canada announced tariffs on Chinese electric vehicles (EVs), following similar measures by the US. As the smoke of a global trade war rises again, there are claims of Chinese “overcapacity” justifying these tariffs, seemingly relegating the classic economic principle of “comparative advantage” to history. In reality, the repeated imposition of trade barriers against Chinese EVs and related industries only highlights the competitive edge these brands hold over their Western counterparts. In recent years, China’s EVs, lithium batteries, and solar products – collectively referred to as the “new three things” – have seen exponential growth. In 2023, their combined export value exceeded the trillion-yuan mark for the first time, achieving a 30% increase year-on-year to RMB1.06 trillion. These products are not only China’s key global exports but also vital alternatives to traditional energy sources, playing a significant role in the global pursuit of net-zero emissions. China Exhibits Comparative Advantage Representing advanced manufacturing that is high-end, intelligent, and eco-friendly, China has unique conditions that showcase its strong comparative advantage in producing the “new three things”. As Premier Li Qiang has pointed out, China boasts a large market size, a comprehensive industrial network, ample labour, diverse application scenarios, and high consumer acceptance. Moreover, years of reform and opening up have built a robust and focused industrial chain that minimises the risk of supply disruptions common in other countries. An example is the “four-hour industrial circle” for EVs in the Yangtze River Delta, which encompasses a complete ecosystem for smart car components, including power batteries, vehicle chips, and autonomous driving systems. It is undeniable that China has rolled out proactive and ambitious industrial policies, but labelling these as “state subsidies” may not be accurate. Encouraging DEPUTY CHAIRMAN 副主席 EXECUTIVE DEPUTY CHAIRMAN 常務副主席 LEADERSHIP VIEWS | 我觀我見 10 | 8-10/2024
investment in industries that may not be immediately profitable but have long-term potential is now a standard practice for governments globally. With limited public resources, governments typically support industries that are already competitive rather than indiscriminately subsidising weaker sectors. For instance, CATL, now a leader in the lithium battery industry, originated as a manufacturer of mobile phone batteries in the 2000s. It successfully resolved issues with battery explosions caused by internal gases, which subsequently led to its inclusion in the supply chains of major companies like Apple and Samsung. CATL focused on power batteries and was founded in 2011, quickly gaining BMW as a client. It was not until 2015 that CATL was included in the government’s subsidy whitelist. This illustrates that the success of China’s “new three things” is not subsidy-driven. Rather, these inherently competitive enterprises have flourished under accurate and effective industrial policies, achieving remarkable success in the global market. Erecting trade barriers only forces consumers to purchase inferior products at higher prices, does nothing to suppress inflation, and stifles innovation, thus slowing the global pace of technological advancement. Unlocking Industry Potential with Open Markets The EU’s new tariffs are still provisional, and a non-binding vote in July this year on formally imposing the tariffs showed that four countries opposed them, while 11 abstained. Earlier, Germany’s Minister of Transport described the tariffs as a destructive measure, advocating for more competition and market openness to drive down the prices of European EVs. He stressed that only in a regulated and fair-trade environment can German companies create value domestically and maintain trade competitiveness. Similarly, Sweden has voiced that increasing tariffs undermines free trade and market openness, and Hungary has explicitly stated that protectionism does not resolve issues. The EU should consider how to support its own electric vehicle industry more effectively. The result Third Plenary Session of 20th CPC Central Committee passed a resolution emphasising the need to drive reform through openness, capitalising on China’s vast market to expand international cooperation and align actively with high-standard global economic and trade rules. Meanwhile, Hong Kong should leverage its “One Country, Two Systems” advantage to continue playing a vital role in attracting foreign investment and assisting our country in global outreach. Amid escalating trade tensions, China’s commitment to its fundamental policy of openness showcases its broad vision and the demeanor of a major power. I hope that countries worldwide will seize the opportunities presented by the globalisation of technology, enhance cooperation in trade and policy, and collectively foster global technological progress. Governments in Europe and the US should listen to the dissenting voices within their bloc and reconsider their targeted tariff policies. This would enable the EV industries of various countries to compete fairly, allowing diverse enterprises to thrive. Ultimately, this approach will support the achievement of carbon reduction goals and benefit people globally. 企業投資於未能在短期獲利但長期而言極具潛 力的產業，已成各國政府的指定動作。在有限 的公共資源下，除國防工業外，政府只會支持 優勢產業，而非盲目地補貼弱者。例如鋰電池 龍頭企業寧德時代前身早於2000年代以手機 鋰電池發跡，並通過研發解決電池因內部材料 產生氣體而爆炸的問題，從而打進蘋果、三星 手機的供應鏈。在這基礎上，專注發展動力電 池的寧德時代於2011年成立後不久，便獲得 寶馬青睞成為其電池供應商；及至2015年， 寧德時代才被列入政府的補貼白名單。 由此可見，中國「新三樣」的優勢並非由補貼建 立。相反，這些本身極具優勢的企業在精準而 有效的產業政策下，能夠在全球市場上創造佳 績。透過製造貿易壁壘保護企業，只會令消費 者以高價購得平庸貨色，不但無助壓抑通脹， 而且影響企業的創新能力，進而拖慢全球的科 技步伐。 開放市場乃產業發展王道 歐盟的新關稅仍屬臨時性質，而當局於今年 7月就正式徵稅進行過一次無約束力投票，結 果顯示4個國家反對徵稅，而11個投棄權票。 早前，德國交通部長就直言關稅是一種破壞性 的做法，表示歐洲電動車應通過更多競爭以及 開放市場，以實現價格的下降。他強調只有在 規範且公平的貿易環境中，德國企業才能在本 土創造附加值，並保持貿易上的競爭力。除了 這汽車生產大國，瑞典亦表示加徵關稅不利自 由貿易及市場開放，而匈牙利更明言保護主義 無法解決問題，歐盟反應探討如何支援自身的 電動車產業。 不久前閉幕的中共二十屆三中全會通過的《決 定》提出堅持以開放促改革，憑藉超大規模市 場優勢，擴大國際合作，主動對接國際高標 準經貿規則，而香港則應善用「一國兩制」優 勢，繼續積極發揮「引進來」及「走出去」的 重要作用。在貿易戰再度升溫的背景下，國家 堅持對外開放的基本國策，更顯遠大視野及大 國風範。筆者期待各國能夠把握科技全球化的 機遇，加強貿易和政策方面的合作，共同推動 全球的科技發展。歐美各國政府應該重視陣營 內的反對聲音，並考慮重新檢討針對性的關稅 的政策，讓各國電動車產業在公平的環境中競 爭，百花齊放，早日實現減排減碳的目標，方 是各國人民之福。 8-10/2024 | 11
PETER SHUM 岑健偉 RICKY CHAN 陳偉聰 Embracing the AI Era in Business AI時代來臨 企業營商須擁抱大趨勢 人工智能（AI）技術在各行各業的廣泛應用，為 人類社會帶來了前所未有的便利。根據美國科 技巨頭微軟和全球最大的職業社交網站領英聯 合發布的《2024年工作趨勢指數》報告，目前高 達75%的知識型工作者在工作中使用AI以節省 時間或提升創造力。香港生產力局最近的調查 也發現，目前已有32%的受訪企業在使用AI， 9%的企業計劃在短期內採用。隨著AI技術的快 速發展和日益普及，未來企業AI使用率相信將 急速上升。為應對瞬息萬變的挑戰，以免落後 於人，企業必須主動擁抱AI大趨勢。 AI創造價值 助力員工發揮最大潛能 AI會否取代人類的工作？這一直是社會關注的 問題。國際貨幣基金組織（IMF）總幹事格奧爾 基耶娃曾揚言，AI將如海嘯一樣衝擊全球勞動 力市場，預料未來兩年，AI更可能會影響發達 經濟體60%的工作職位和全球40%的工作職 位。企業及勞動市場均不容忽視這股AI浪潮。 無可否認，AI的發展確實會對部分工作產生影 響，例如一些重複性較高的工作可能會被自動 化技術取代。但同時，AI也創造新的工作機會， 提升員工的工作效率和表現。根據微軟2023年 發布的《Microsoft工作趨勢指數》年度報告，每 位員工平均需要花費57%的時間在電郵交流、 開會等溝通及行政工作上，既費時又對團隊效 率和工作氛圍產生負面影響。但若企業適當運 用AI，將能為企業減輕成本及提升生產力。人 力資源管理軟件公司Visier在2023年的調查發 現，採用AI的員工平均每天節省約93分鐘，每 年將可節省390個小時工作時數，減輕工作壓 The widespread application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) across various sectors has transformed the convenience in human society. According to the 2024 Work Trend Index Annual Report by Microsoft and LinkedIn, an impressive 75% of global knowledge workers now use AI to save time or enhance creativity. A recent survey by the Hong Kong Productivity Council reveals that 32% of companies are already leveraging AI, with an additional 9% planning to adopt it shortly. As AI’s evolution accelerates and its presence expands, its future integration in business is expected to increase dramatically. Businesses, therefore, must proactively embrace this AI megatrend to navigate challenges and maintain competitiveness. AI Creates Value and Empowers Employees The ongoing debate about whether AI will replace human jobs remains a significant societal concern. Kristalina Georgieva, Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund, has predicted that AI could impact 60% of jobs in developed economies and 40% globally within the next two years, likening its impact to a tsunami. This substantial shift cannot be overlooked by either businesses or the workforce. Despite AI’s potential to displace certain roles, especially those involving repetitive tasks, it also creates new job opportunities and enhances employee efficiency and performance. According to the 2023 Microsoft Work Trend Index Annual Report: “Will AI Fix Work?”, each employee spends on average 57% of their time on communication and administrative tasks, such as email and meetings, which are time-consuming and negatively impact team efficiency and workplace atmosphere. However, if companies employ AI appropriately, it can help reduce costs and improve productivity. A 2023 survey by HR management software company Visier found that employees using AI save an average of about 93 minutes each day, equating to 390 hours annually, thereby alleviating work-related stress. Maxim’s Caterers Limited, a prominent catering group in Hong Kong, reported that DEPUTY CHAIRMAN 副主席 EXECUTIVE DEPUTY CHAIRMAN 常務副主席 LEADERSHIP VIEWS | 我觀我見 12 | 8-10/2024
introducing AI in their operations not only reduced employee working hours but also decreased food waste and boosted the company’s production efficiency. It is predicted that the application of AI in the workplace will not completely replace human resources but will simplify administrative tasks and optimise processes, allowing employees to focus on innovation, value creation, and learning new skills, thereby maximising their potential and creating value for the company. AI’s Major Risks as a Double-Edged Sword In corporate operations, AI has the capability to significantly enhance efficiency and competitiveness for enterprises. However, its improper use can bring substantial risks, acting as a “double-edged sword”. Take Generative AI, for instance, which is a type of machine learning model that creates new content by learning patterns from data. Since AI lacks genuine understanding and reasoning abilities, it cannot verify the authenticity of the input data. This means that if there are errors or false information in the input data, AI will generate erroneous information cumulatively. If enterprises or employees mistakenly trust or cite false information, it could severely jeopardise the enterprise. The challenges AI poses extend beyond this, involving copyright disputes and corporate fraud. The widespread adoption of Generative AI has also led to a surge in computer-generated works, potentially leading to disputes over copyright ownership and plagiarism. More seriously, AI-powered Deepfake technology is becoming a new trend in corporate fraud, with some enterprises suffering significant financial losses. According to the World Economic Forum’s The Global Risks Report 2024, AI-generated errors and misinformation are set to become the biggest risk facing the world. Optimising Tech Use to Enhance Cybersecurity AI offers unprecedented opportunities for enterprises. Regardless of the industry or size, businesses will, to some extent, engage with or utilise this technology. As AI technology continues to advance, enterprises must increase their awareness of AI applications and actively understand and master the latest AI technologies. Concurrently, enterprises need to carefully assess the risks and challenges associated with AI applications, and develop appropriate strategies and controls to fully leverage the efficiency and competitive advantages AI offers. It is recommended that enterprises allocate more resources to strengthen their cybersecurity. This includes adopting Deepfake detection tools and multi-factor authentication systems, which increase the difficulty of identity verification. Additionally, companies should enhance employees’ security awareness by regularly scheduling training sessions. These sessions should focus on the basics of AI knowledge and skills, deepening employees’ understanding of AI. It is also hoped that the Government will soon enact relevant legislation and regulatory measures to ensure the compliance and reliability of AI applications, address copyright issues promptly, and continue to optimise the Technology Voucher Programme (TVP) to further assist local enterprises in enhancing their cybersecurity infrastructure, better utilising technology to improve business operations and competitive edge. 力。香港連鎖飲食集團美心也表示，集團在業 務上引進AI後，不僅減少員工工作時間，還減 少食材浪費，提高企業的生產效率。筆者預料， AI在職場的應用並不會完全取代人力資源，而 是能簡化行政工作和優化工序，讓員工專注於 創新、創造價值和學習新技能，從而充分發揮 他們的最大潛能，為企業創造價值。 AI潛藏重大風險 成企業「雙刃劍」 在企業經營上，AI有能力為企業大幅提升效率 和競爭力。然而，不當使用將會為企業帶來巨 大風險，可以說是一把「雙刃劍」。以生成式 （Generative）AI為例，它是一類透過學習資 料中的規律或模式來產生新內容的機器學習模 型。但由於AI缺乏真正的理解和推理能力，無 法對輸入資料的真實性進行驗證。這意味著， 如輸入的資料中存在錯誤或虛假資訊，AI將會 像滾雪球方式接連生成錯誤訊息。而企業或員工 一旦錯信或引用虛假資訊，或有機會讓企業深 陷險境。AI對企業的挑戰遠不於此，更涉及版 權爭議及企業騙案。生成式AI的普及亦讓電腦 生成作品大增，但生成內容卻有機會衍生版權 誰屬及剽竊爭議。更嚴重的是，人工智能「深偽 技術」（Deepfake）現正成為企業騙案新趨勢， 有企業更因而蒙受過億港元損失。正如世界經 濟論壇發布的《2024年全球風險報告》所述，AI 生成的錯誤和虛假消息將成為全球面對的最大 風險。 優化科技應用 強化網絡安全管控 AI為企業帶來前所未有的機遇，企業不論從事 哪個行業、規模大與小，或多或少總會接觸到 或用到這個技術。隨著AI技術的不斷進步，企 業必須提高AI應用意識，主動了解和掌握最新 的AI技術。與此同時，企業也需審慎評估AI 應用的風險和挑戰，制定相應的策略和管控措 施，才能充分發揮AI帶來的效率和競爭優勢。 筆者建議企業應投放更多資源增強公司的網路 安全，包括採用Deepfake檢測工具及多重身份 驗證（MFA）系統等，增加身份驗證的難度，並 提高員工的安全意識及定期安排員工培訓，學 習AI基礎知識和技能，加深對AI的了解。而筆 者期望政府能早日制定相應法例及監管措施， 確保AI應用的合規性和可靠性，及早疏理版權 問題，亦建議持續優化「科技券」，進一步協助 本地企業優化網路安全設備，更好地利用科技 改善業務運作和提升競爭力。 8-10/2024 | 13
JACKIE NG 吳慧君 KAREN CHAN 陳嘉賢 CLARA CHAN 陳婉珊 Attracting Venture Capital to Hong Kong to Enhance the I&T Ecosystem 激勵創投資金來港 完善創科生態圈 LEADERSHIP VIEWS | 我觀我見 DEPUTY CHAIRMAN 副主席 EXECUTIVE DEPUTY CHAIRMAN 常務副主席 近年來，香港政府投入超過1,500 億元支持 創科發展。2022年公布的《香港創新科技發 展藍圖》，訂立了「完善創科生態圈，推進 香港『新型工業化』」為發展方向之一。根據 Startup Genome的《2023年新興初創生態 系統報告》，香港被評為亞洲首位、全球第二 的新興初創生態系統，可見香港的創新氛圍 備受肯定。2024年6月，香港投資管理有限 公司（港投公司）與科技企業思謀科技簽署戰 略合作協議，為港投公司首次與科技企業簽 署戰略合作協議，更標誌著香港創科發展邁 入新的里程碑。 融資困難阻礙創科發展 創科生態圈由政府（政）、產業界（產）、學術 界（學）、研究機構（研）和投資者（投）五方 結合而成。在政府的大力支持下，香港的創 科取得了顯著進展。截至2024年5月底，「產 學研1+計劃」已批出24個項目，促進了政、 產、學、研之間的緊密連繫。作為國際金融 中心，「投」理應是本港的強項，可惜目前對 創科生態圈的協同性仍有待加強。 根據香港貿發局2020年的初創調查，超過 50%受訪企業認為足夠的資金來源是推動初 創業務發展最重要的條件之一，26%更認 為是企業發展的最重要因素。然而，他們對 於政府提供的資金和與學界的合作相對較為 正面，對於私人機構提供的資金和支援評分 In recent years, the Government has committed over $150 billion to accelerate the development of innovation and technology (I&T). The Hong Kong Innovation and Technology Development Blueprint, announced in 2022, outlines one of its key strategies as enhancing the I&T ecosystem and promoting “new industrialisation” in Hong Kong. According to the Startup Genome’s 2023 Emerging Ecosystems Ranking, Hong Kong is ranked as the top emerging ecosystem in Asia and second globally, affirming our city’s vibrant innovation climate. In June 2024, the Hong Kong Investment Corporation Limited (HKIC) partnered with the technology unicorn SmartMore in a strategic cooperation agreement, marking a significant milestone in Hong Kong’s I&T development. Financing Difficulties Hinder I&T Development The I&T ecosystem in Hong Kong comprises a collaboration among government, industry, academia, research institutions, and investors. With substantial government backing, significant strides have been made in I&T. By the end of May 2024, Research, Academic and Industry Sectors One-plus Scheme (RAISe+) has approved 24 projects, fostering closer ties among these sectors. As an international financial centre, investment should be a strength for Hong Kong, yet the synergy within the I&T ecosystem still requires enhancement. A 2020 startup survey by Hong Kong Trade Development Council revealed that over 50% of the respondents viewed ample funding as a crucial factor for startup development, with 26% considering it the most vital. While They were positively regarding government and academic funding and collaboration, the feedback on funding and support from private institutions was less favourable. Despite a record US$9.7 billion raised in private funding in 2022 as highlighted in Google’s “Smarter 14 | 8-10/2024
Digital City – Rocketing to New Heights” study published in 2023, 49% of the startups still cited funding as a primary challenge. Moreover, 53% of startups report primarily relying on their founders’ own funds to finance their operations, and a mere 3% have utilised IPO financing to raise capital. These findings highlight the significant challenges that Hong Kong startups face in securing external financing, emphasising the need for more accessible funding solutions within the innovation ecosystem. The market is replete with venture capital funds and angel investors who play a crucial role in fostering promising I&T enterprises. While the Government has initiated the Innovation and Technology Venture Fund (ITVF), partnering with selected private venture capital funds to co-invest in local startups, the reality remains that public financial resources are limited. Consequently, it is imperative for the Government to intensify its efforts to attract more venture capital and angel investors. By proactively connecting with investors worldwide and serving as a facilitator, and by implementing policies that encourage investment, the Government can attract additional venture capital funds and angel investors to Hong Kong. Such initiatives will further enhance the financing channels for I&T enterprises and promote the healthy development of the entire innovation ecosystem. Government Policies to Attract Venture Investment Globally, governments are keen to draw venture capital. In Mainland China, the Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Administration offer tax incentives to qualified venture capitalists and angel investors. After holding investments for two years, venture capital fund can deduct 70% of their investment from their taxable income. Unused deductions can be carried forward. Similarly, individual angel investors can deduct 70% of their taxable income from transferring shares in tech startups after two years, with the option to carry forward unused deductions. Israel, a leading startup nation, enacted the “Angel Investment Law” in 2023, allowing investors to deduct up to 33% of their investments in high-tech firms from their taxes, with the possibility of carrying forward unused tax credits. This law aims to foster closer collaboration across government, industry, academic, research, and investment sectors, optimising resource allocation. Venture capital is crucial for nurturing new quality productive forces. Hong Kong could benefit from the experiences of these startup powerhouses by refining toplevel policy designs to provide more tax incentives and conveniences for venture capital firms and angel investors. Such measures would attract more international private capital into Hong Kong’s I&T ecosystem, stimulating extensive and sustainable growth. 則較低。在2023年Google發表的《智慧數 碼城市—飛躍新高》研究報告也指出，儘管 2022年香港創科生態圈籌得高達97億美元 的私募資金，49%的受訪企業仍認為資金是 主要挑戰之一。53%初創表示主要依賴創辦 人自己的資金，利用IPO融資更是低至3%。 這兩項研究突顯了香港初創企業在獲取外部 融資方面仍面臨挑戰。 市場上其實不乏創投基金和天使投資者，他 們為具潛力的初創企業提供大量的合作機 會，是孕育創科企業的重要一環。雖然政府 推出了「創科創投基金」，以配對形式與獲選 的私人風險投資基金合作，共同投資香港的 初創企業，但公帑資源始終有限，故此，政 府需加大招商引資力度，主動連繫各地的投 資者，甚至擔任促成者角色，以政策鼓勵投 資，吸引更多創投基金和天使投資者進入香 港，進一步完善創科企業融資渠道，促進整 個創新生態圈的健康發展。 政府政策吸引資金推動創科 事實上，世界各地政府均致力吸引創投資 金。內地為鼓勵企業投資初創，財政部和國 家稅務總局向合資格的創投和天使投資者提 供稅費優惠政策。在投資期滿兩年後，創投 基金可以把投資額的70%抵扣該公司應納稅 所得額，未用足的抵扣額度，可用於以後的 課稅年度；天使投資者個人在持股兩年後轉 讓初創科技型企業股權的應稅所得，亦可以 投資額的70% 抵扣；當期不足抵扣的，可以 在以後取得轉讓股權的應稅所得時抵扣。 另一初創大國以色列，在2023年通過了《天 使投資法》。根據該法案，投資者最多可以把 其投資到高科技公司33%股份作抵稅之用， 還可選擇結轉尚未使用的免稅額，留待隨後 幾年使用，從而吸引更多天使投資，建立更 緊密的政產學研投合作機制，促進市場資源 的優化配置。 創投是推動新質生產力的重要力量，香港政 府不妨借鑒這些創科強國的經驗，完善頂層 政策設計，為創投公司及天使投資者提供更 多的稅收優惠和便利，以吸引更多國際私人 資金流入香港的創科生態圈，促進本港創科 生態圈蓬勃發展。 8-10/2024 | 15
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